Hitler s Anti Jewish Measure - 1571 Words

There are many horrible things and evil people that have existed in this world, but not many of them add up to the type of evil that Adolf Eichmann was. Adolf Eichmann was a nightmare for the Jews; he stole them, shot them, and put them in a gas chambers. Eichmann was a huge factor in the solution to the â€Å"Jewish Question† in Germany. In the beginning of his influence on the Jews, he was ruthless and followed any demands given to him by his peers without question, then he began playing a large roll in the Holocaust as the leader in transportation. This had a huge effect on him, and sent him into a spiral of emotion; he wanted to protect his officers, so he changed the ways Jews were killed, but he developed such a hatred for the Jews that†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"The way we selected our victims was as follows, Auschwitz Kommandant Hà ¶ss reported after the war: ‘We had two SS doctors on duty at Auschwitz to examine the incoming transports of prisoners. The prisoners would be marched by one of the doctors who would make spot decisions as they walked by. Those who were fit for work were sent into the camp. Others were sent immediately to the extermination plants. Children of tender years were invariably exterminated since by reason of their youth they were unable to work.’† (Adolf Eichmann - Biography 1). So to conclude on his duties, Eichmann was mainly in charge of the round-up and transportation of Jews, not to kill them in any way other than if the Jews were difficult and rebellious. This will come to change later when he witnesses how the Jews are being killed. Adolf Eichmann witnessed the shooting of Jews; but he thought this was inhumane. Yes, he was in charge of transportation, but he also witnessed shootings that occurred and the sites at which shooting had taken place. â€Å"Eichmann first visited Auschwitz in 1941, and he was to visit a number of killing centres throughout the East, in order to ensure that the â€Å"Final Solution† was being carried out. Eichmann proved to be a model of bureaucratic industriousness and icy determination even though he had never been a fanatical anti-semite,† (HolocaustResearchProject 1). Witnessing these shooting proved to change Eichmann a little, enough to the point where heShow MoreRelatedWhy Man Should Not Be As Cruel As Nature1715 Words   |  7 Pagesman should not be as cruel as nature.† This quote by Adolf Hitler can acutely describe the withstanding belief that he stood by in the years of his reign, 1933-1948. During the time of World War Two, Hitler vigorously believed in restoring his nation after the grim effects on Germany after World War One. He believed that in order to restore the nation, any non-Aryan or not of the superior race must be eradicated. Utilizing this belief, Hitler along with Nazi government caused years of suffering forRead MoreThe Nazis And The Superior Race857 Words   |  4 Pagesthe superior race. As much as anyone hates to admit it, Hitler was one heck of a leader, by amassing millions of followers and being able to keep them. He could have only h eld so much power by believing in his cause so much that others could not help but believe it too. Hitler, Rosenburg, and other Nazi leaders saw the Jews as a separate, inbred, greedy, race who were trying to dominate the economy and essentially take over the world. Though anti-semitism had existed for many centuries prior to thisRead MoreNazi Germany And The Nazi Party1613 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout Nazi Germany in the period 1928 through to 1941, racism was utilized by Hitler, and in turn his Nazi party, firstly to secure Hitler’s position as a dictator, and secondly to unite the German people against a common enemy, which would lead to a united powerful state, ready and able to exert its national will. Whether or not his aims were oppressive in nature is debatable but, his aims for racial purification and domination over Eastern Europe are made obvious before Hitler’s assumptionRead MoreNazi Ideology And The Nazi Party1436 Words   |  6 Pagesparliamentary g overnment was formed. And so, in 1933, Adolf Hitler, was named chancellor of Germany. After the Nazi party won in the elections of 1932, the Nazi party conducted propaganda campaigns. Propaganda appeared to depict the Nazi government as stepping in and restoring order. This propaganda was used to maintain power, implement policies, and justify the extermination of millions of Jews and others considered inferior by Hitler and the Nazi party. Therefore, Nazi ideology was defined as theoriesRead MoreThe Time From September 1939924 Words   |  4 Pagescrucial for understanding the creation of the â€Å"Final Solution†. Under the rule of Adolf Hitler, there was already some sort of anti-Semitism. Germans were convinced through propaganda that Jews were their enemy and the cause of all their turmoil. He had a clear hatred of Jews; they made him â€Å"Sick to [his] stomach† (pg 47). The oppression and segregation of Jews was applied in stages. . In just two years Nazi Jewis h policy escalated rapidly from the prewar policy of forced emigration to the â€Å"Final Solution†Read MoreThe Holocaust And Its Effects On The World s History1090 Words   |  5 Pagesmonumental than the Cambodian â€Å"Killing Fields,† Hitler and Pol Pot used similar methods to achieve similar goals. Hitler’s original intent, as some at first believe, was not to solely destroy the Jewish people. His two major goals were to expand Germany’s power and to assert the dominance of the Aryan race (Holocaust Encyclopedia, 2014). As a result the destruction of the Jewish people could almost be considered collateral damage. Hitler was not just anti-Semitic, he was also strongly nationalistic.Read MoreThe Effects Of Jews On Jewish Population During The Nazi Regime1119 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscuss the â€Å"Final solution of the Jewish Question† (â€Å"The Final Solution,† 2015). They used the term â€Å"Final Solution† to refer to their plan to annihilate the Jewish people. It is not known when the leaders of Nazi Germany definitively decided to implement their plan to eradicate the Jews† (â€Å"United States Holocaust Memorial Museum,† 2015). Although, the genocide, or mass destruction, of the Jews was the culmination of a decade of increas ingly severe discriminatory measures (â€Å"United States Holocaust MemorialRead MorePropaganda Analysis : Mein Kampf ( 1926 )1588 Words   |  7 Pagesmakes them ripe for the ending of this idea. Hitler wrote these this in his book Mein Kampf (1926), that he 1st inspired the employment of info to unfold the principles of National Socialism--among them racism, racism, and anti-Bolshevism. The perform of info is to draw in supporters, the perform of organization to win members... info works on the final public from the viewpoint of a concept and makes them ripe for the ending of this idea.... - Hitler, 1924 At the core of the Holocaust we discoverRead MoreEssay on Nazisms Effect on the German Society1680 Words   |  7 Pagesthe German Society When the Adolf Hitler came to power as chancellor on 30th January 1933, he immediately starting using his position to make the changes that he had wanted to see implemented for over a decade. With Von Papen as Vice Chancellor and Gobbles and Goering as ministers, the Third Reich was able to bring massive political, social and economic change to the lives of German people. The Reichstag became a forum for Hitler to expound his views and policiesRead MoreWhy Did Nazi Persecution Of The Jews?1825 Words   |  8 Pages History. Why did Nazi persecution of the Jews Become more extreme between 1933-1945? When Hitler came into power in January 1933 he set out to implement his ideology which included anti-Semitism and the enforcement of an â€Å"Aryan race†. There were many reasons that contributed to the persecution becoming more extreme between 1933 and 1945 such as: The Nuremberg Laws, Kristallnacht, little or no opposition, the Wannsee conference and the idea that Germany should be germanised. The

The Transition To The Role of Professional Nurse Free Essays

My most recent employment included working as a Rehabilitation vocational nurse in an in-patient Rehabilitation hospital. Typically I cared for 6-8 patients at a time, providing total care for each. I am IV certified with much experience in the field, particularly within pediatrics. We will write a custom essay sample on The Transition To The Role of Professional Nurse or any similar topic only for you Order Now I have worked with professional nurses, physical and occupational therapists, social workers, dietitians, physicians and more as part of a collaborative and comprehensive health care team. Issues and Concerns Surrounding Transition For Practical/Vocational Nurse A licensed practical or vocational nurse (LPN or LVN) is often the first step in one’s career toward becoming a certified professional nurse. The role of a vocational nurse differs significantly from the role of a professional nurse. Most nurses trained at this level have one year of study experience at a vocational or community college. A vocational nurse is used to working under the supervision of a licensed RN or professional nurse or physician (Quan, 2004). There are multiple issues and concerns surrounding the transition to the role of professional nurse, none the least of which is the shortage of qualified nurse educators to provide guidance to LPN’s desiring a career as an RN (Quan, 2004). There are also multiple levels of education one may pursue as a professional nurse that must be considered (Quan, 2004). For example, while many hospitals in the past have offered three year courses allowing students to live in the hospitals, few of these programs still remain (Quan, 2004). Most vocational nurses now desiring a professional career must pursue their Bachelor of Science in Nursing or an associate’s degree in nursing. This requires much time, effort and of course, acceptance into a qualified nursing programs. A vocational nurse must also have the ability to effectively transition to the role of a supervisor or leader, capable of making complex decisions and delegating tasks to others as part of their job responsibilities as a professional nurse. Clinical Judgment in Autonomy and Accountability of Professional Nursing Practice Professional nursing practice affords RN’s a relatively large amount of autonomy and accountability on the job. Professional nurses are often called on to use their own technical expertise and judgment to help manage and oversee patient care as part of members of a collaborative health care team (Shanbhag, 2002). They are accountable for the results of any decisions they make regarding patient care, even when those decisions involve delegating tasks to others. In cases where professional nurses supervise the work functions of others, professional nurses must also be held accountable for patient outcomes and the outcomes of their underlings. Professional nurses are often afforded the ability to delegate tasks as they see appropriate to underlings including vocational nurses (Shanbhag, 2002). This requires not only a great deal of decision making ability but also the ability to differentiate among underling’s skills, qualifications and abilities. This will help them remain accountable for the actions of each member of their health care team. A professional nurse is also more likely to be held accountable for patient’s outcomes as they often supervise the care of other nurses or health care assistants involved in patient care (Shanbhag, 2002). Most are expected to exercise â€Å"independent judgment† reserving the right to direct care in certain circumstance (Shanbhag, 2002). Professional nurses are also more likely to be held accountable for patient outcomes as well as the performance of those working under their direct supervision. How Professional Nurse Collaborates with Others To Achieve Effective Patient Care The best possible outcome for patients is only realized when professional nurses work as members of a multidisciplinary team, collaborating to ensure the best patient outcome. A professional nurse does not work alone but rather as a member of a comprehensive patient care team whose goals include optimizing patient outcomes. Members of this comprehensive health care team may include nursing assistants, professional nurses, primary care physicians, social workers, patients and family members (Coombs, 2004). For collaboration to work in the health care team it must often be defined in a non-hierarchical or cooperative manner based â€Å"on shared power and authority† assuming that each member of the team holds a certain level of knowledge, responsibility and influence that directly influences patient outcomes (Coombs, 2004). Professional nursing requires many of the same leadership skills required of doctors or other management professionals. The primary leadership skills beneficial to the field include (1) the ability to establish, maintain and promote communication and interpersonal relationships, (2) the ability to delegate work tasks and oversee the work of others (3) the ability to make decisions based on one’s knowledge, skills and expertise (4) the ability to work as members of a collaborative team and (5) the ability to help create interdependency and promote knowledge sharing among all team members (Coombs, 2004). The ability to work collaboratively is a fundamental skill required of effective leaders (Miccolo Spanier, 1993). A professional nurse must first be able to provide coworkers, supervisors and underlings with clear communication and insight regarding his or her goals, methods, policies and programs. A professional nurse like any other member of a health care team is responsible for knowledge sharing. Anyone responsible for knowledge sharing within an organization must have the ability to develop communication skills among team members. Further, a leader knows how to delegate work tasks to ensure they aren’t overburdened by administrative or nursing tasks at any one point in time. This helps reduce burn out and promotes a more efficient and product team environment. A nurse must also rely on their own education, experience and knowledge to help make directed and responsible decisions within the health care environment. This will help the nurse work as an effective leader within the health care team, and promote cooperation among all team members. Management of Nursing Care and Delegation Professional nurses must act as managers, working to help build, create, maintain and manage effective partnerships or teams of workers within the health care environment. The management of nursing care involves identifying what members of the health care team are capable of carrying out certain roles, and assigning them those roles accordingly to ensure the patients basic needs are met, and to ensure a positive health outcome for patients treated under a professional nurses care. Delegation of tasks is an autonomous task requiring independent decision-making capability. Since professional nurses tend to work in a role that requires leadership, independent thinking, decision making and accountability for patient outcomes, it naturally follows that professional nurses must learn how to delegate tasks appropriately. Proper use of delegation within the health care environment will also free up time for professional nurses to work with multiple patients and to address the many administrative functions and tasks that come along with the role of a professional nurse in today’s health care environment (Coombs, 2004). How to cite The Transition To The Role of Professional Nurse, Essay examples

Advanced HR Management-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment.com

Questions: 1.What is human Resource Strategic Planning? What may the objectives and targets of the plan relate to? 2.In order to Identify emerging practices and trends, you may need to undertake environmental analysis. How can you do this? What is involved in the process? 3.Give examples of the different options for sourcing labour supply. 4.When considering the Impact of new technology, what should you think about? 5.You should be aware of recent and potential changes to industrial and legal requirements. Give two examples of changes that you are aware of. 6. When Consulting with relevant Managers, what methods can be used? What should you inform them about? 7.What are Human Resource Philosophies and Values? 8.What should the objectives and targets of your plan set out? What will this enable? 9.Give two examples of the different options for the provisions of human resource services. 10.What may technology be used to support? 11.What are the key ingredients of a strategic HR plan? 12.When developing a risk management plan, what should you ask yourself? 13.In order to see that the plan is Implemented, you will need to work with others. Who may these be? 14.Why should you Monitor and review the Plan? What questions will you need to answer in order to this? 15.Give two examples of Changes in circumstances that may result in your plan needing to be adapted. 16.What does an Evaluation of Performance enable you to do? Answers: 1.Human resource strategic planning is the interconnection among the organisation and its employees that support in developing the workforce in such a manner that they effectively meet all the demands and deliver utmost efficiency and productivity. It ensures that there are appropriate numbers of people in appropriate place and at an appropriate time (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). The targets and the objectives of the plan relates to employee engagement and motivation, career growth, training, performance management, succession planning, retention, reward and pay and recruitment. 2.To undertake and perform an environmental analysis firstly a team must be developed, and then there must be identification of the various sources of collecting info. The information must be analysed and the key issues are required to identify. Related to this, appropriate strategic options must be identify and these options are required to incorporate in the overall strategic planning process. After that there must be monitoring of the trends and associated actions must be taken. There is involvement of political, technological, economic, social, legal and environmental factors. 3.Different options for sourcing of labour supply comprises of outsourcing such as hiring services from outside; consultants such as the trainers who can provide training; off-shore workers such as workers from some other nation at cheap wages; recruitment of new trainees to have new talent and faster working and recruiting casual labour when the company has a temporary need so that it can be cost-effective. 4.While considering the effect of the innovative technology, there must be concern related to the number of individuals required, the work processes, procedures and practices of work, location of work and shills needed to accomplish tasks. The changes which are aware of include the changes in employment laws related to workplace bullying and zero hours contracts. 6.Methods used: there can be take use of video conferencing, one-to-one meeting, questionnaires, and telephone and group presentations. Should be informing about: information must be related to what are you currently working upon, in what manner and the reason behind it; information to be ask from the and what 5.will be you next step after getting their inputs. 7.Human resource values and philosophies are the organisational guiding and moral principles which guides the workforce that in which manner the tasks are performed in that organisation. These philosophies are developed by the insights of the leadership styles of the senior managers (Jackson, Schuler and Jiang, 2014). 8.targets and objectives must set out succession planning, diversity, staff retention, equal employment, remuneration, HR information systems, selection and recruitment, induction, professional development, job design, performance management, job analysis and WHS. This will enable success measurement, HR budget allocation, communication of activities and plans, effective decision making and prioritisation of the activities and plans. 9.Two examples comprises of outsourcing such as the HR functions are outsourced to some other company and it handles all the functions o HR department and second is external consultant such as hiring HR consultant on a contract basis for specific purposes whenever required such as for job design, recruitment, etc. 10.Technologies may use to support the training and development activities, the processes related to performance management and the non-human HR services. 11.Key ingredient of strategic human resource plan comprises of the timeframes, budget, objectives and priorities. 12.The questions asked from one-self while developing a risk management plan comprises of: What are the risks associated with the event? What is the probability of the risks whether it is low, medium or high? What are the impacts of the risks? What is the mitigation plan to avoid and reduce risk? What are the contingency plans? 13.In a risk management plan there is a need to work with the employee representative groups, suppliers, HR personnel, outsourcing agencies, line managers and the external contractors. 14.It is necessary to monitor as well as review the plan to analyse that the plan is executing effectively and there is no kind of deviation the planned and the actual outcomes. It also helps in achieving desired results by identifying and working on all the loopholes which can be the barricade in successful implementation of the plan. Questions need to answer relates to completion of the actions, reason for incompletion, effect of incompletion task, budget adhered or not, reason for not adhered, obstacles in implementation, changes required, new actions, implications of the new actions and delivery of the strategic human resource plan. 15.The two changes are the modifications in the requirements of the industry or unpredicted change in laws and rules and modification in the direction in the strategic plan of the company. 16.Evaluation of the plan enables in assessing that at what degree the original objectives were feasible and correct, assessing the targets attained and their impact, identifying the adherence of the budget and deadlines, learning from completion and incompletion of tasks and reporting progress to the stakeholders of the organisation. References Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Jackson, S.E., Schuler, R.S. and Jiang, K., 2014. An aspirational framework for strategic human resource management.The Academy of Management Annals,8(1), pp.1-56.

What Is the Infectious Agent free essay sample

For example the name of the bacteria, virus, or parasite. Giardia is protozoan and also flagellated. Flagellated means using appendages in a whip-like movement to propel. Giardia attaches to the host through the lining of the upper intestines. Once it attaches itself, it begins to feed and reproduce causing the giardiasis to commence. Giardia reproduces by dividing itself, which defines it as a trophozoite. This process of division is known as binary fission. Because Giardia reproduces asexually, a single parasite can result in millions within a very short period of time. Giardia detaches from the lining of the intestine and flows down into the fecal stream. The parasite then creates a cyst, which will eventually be released from the body during defecation. This release is known as cyst excretion or â€Å"shedding† and can last for months. The process begins again when another human ingests giardia, and therefore creates another host environment for the parasite. We will write a custom essay sample on What Is the Infectious Agent or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2. How is this infectious agent transmitted through food or water? Giardia is most commonly transmitted through water and must be ingested in order to spread the parasite. For giardia to occur, an infected human and or animal would have to somehow spread it from their feces. For instance the reason why we boil water, (not only to make it hot) but to sterilize the water so that there are no parasites of viruses. Giardia can also be received by ingesting even the tiniest amount of contaminated food, water, and even soil. From my understanding you can ingest a cyst without even knowing, for instance when walking into a restaurant we grab the door handle. That surface is so horrifically dirty it’s disgusting. After that the mere gesture of touching your fork tip and then eating with it right after. 3. What is an example of a real life outbreak of this food borne illness in the United States? While you can receive giardia through food, it is more commonly known as more of water borne parasite. Although I did find a real life giardia outbreak that had occurred in New Hampshire year 2007. This incident involved thirty one residents of a very tiny community. The reason why giardia had occurred was due to extremely poor placement of a well. Wells are supposed to be fifteen miles under the ground and this particular well was twelve point five miles under the ground. It may not seem like much of a difference but there are reasons for procedures and regulations. Because someone wanted to cut corners thirty one people had to get very sick and suffer. This was the biggest outbreak of giardia within a community. 4. What are the clinical symptoms, duration of the disease and treatment if any? Clinical symptoms can occur up to two days after giardia has infected you. Giardia, can consist of an over excess of gas, violent diarrhea, nausea, upset stomach, stomach and or abdominal cramps. The first two days you have violent diarrhea, as the infection progresses many people tend to then be constipated for a week or so after along with the very painful production of gas as well as severe stomach and abdominal pain. Giardia can be resolved without treatment. On the other hand there is medication that contains metronidazole and tinidazole, decreases symptoms of giardia. Another thing that can be used is an anti-worm medication. I would assume that it would kill more parasites than worms. 5. What steps can be taken to prevent future out breaks? Include individual as well as environmental precautions and methods. There are many things that can be done to prevent giardia. Most of the things mainly all revolve around very poor hygiene. Ensuring that you are clean is one of the best ways you can avoid giardia. It is always very important to make sure that you wash your hands, especially before touching your face, and mouth. I personally refuse to touch many public surfaces and objects; I always have hand sanitizer on my person. For the environmental part of the question I feel that one of the biggest problems that causes giardia in communities is surface what that is not properly being treated. Out breaks within a community is no fun at all. In my opinion I feel that if everyone were more cautious about their hygiene then maybe there would be very little to no out breaks.

Biography of Zachary Taylor, 12th U.S. President

Biography of Zachary Taylor, 12th U.S. President Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784–July 9, 1850) was the 12th president of the United States. Born in Orange County, Virginia, he grew up near Louisville, Kentucky. Taylors family built its wealth over the years, but as a young man he lacked the funds for a college education. His decision to enter the military helped catapult him into the White House with the nickname Old Rough and Ready. Though he served only a short period of time as president, he was well-liked and respected. A theory that he was assassinated has been debunked. Fast Facts: Zachary Taylor Known For: 12th president of the United StatesAlso Known As: Old Rough and ReadyBorn: November 24, 1784 in Barboursville, VirginiaParents: Sarah Dabney (Strother) Taylor, Richard TaylorDied: July 9, 1850 in Washington, D.C.Education: Grammar school and home educationAwards and Honors:  Appeared on postage stamps; namesake for several roads, counties, highwaysSpouse: Margaret Mackall Smith,Children: Sarah Knox Taylor, Richard Taylor, Mary Elizabeth Bliss, Octavia Pannell, Ann Mackall, Margaret SmithNotable Quote: I have no private purpose to accomplish, no party objectives to build up, no enemies to punish- nothing to serve but my country. Early Years Zachary Taylor was born on November 24, 1784 in Barboursville, Virginia, and was the third of nine children of Richard Taylor and Sarah Dabney Strother. The family inherited a plantation in Virginia but, unable to make the land productive, they moved to a tobacco plantation near Louisville on the Kentucky frontier. It was there that Taylor learned the frontier skills of shooting, farming, and horsemanship- skills that would serve him well in later life. While his father, a slave owner, became increasingly wealthy, Zachary attended only grammar school and did not go to college. Taylor married  Margaret Peggy Mackall Smith on June 21, 1810. She was raised in a wealthy tobacco plantation family in Maryland. Together they had three daughters who lived to maturity: Ann Mackall; Sarah Knox, who married Jefferson Davis (the president of the Confederacy during the Civil War) in 1835; and Mary Elizabeth. They also had one son named Richard. A daughter named Octavia died during childhood. Military Career Taylor was in the Army for four decades, from 1808 until he assumed the presidency in 1849; at that time he had the rank of major general. During the War of 1812, he defended Fort Harrison against Native American forces. He was promoted to major during the war but briefly resigned at the end of the war before rejoining in 1816. By 1832, he was named a colonel. During the Black Hawk War, he constructed Fort Dixon. He took part in the Second Seminole War and was named commander of all U.S. Forces in Florida as a result of the role he played during the Battle of Lake Okeechobee. In 1840 he was assigned to a position in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, where he made his home. Mexican War, 1846–1848 Zachary Taylor played a major role in the Mexican War, successfully defeating Mexican forces in September 1846 and allowing them two months armistice upon their retreat. President James K. Polk, frustrated with Taylors clemency toward the Mexicans, ordered General Winfield Scott to take over and lead many of Taylors troops into immediate action against Mexico. Taylor, however, ignored orders and engaged Santa Annas forces against Polks directives. He forced Santa Annas withdrawal and became a national hero at the same time. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which ended the Mexican War, was signed in 1848; by that time Taylor had become a military hero and was the candidate of choice for the Whig Party. During this period of tension between North and South, Taylor combined a military record that impressed the North with slave ownership, which attracted southerners. Becoming President In 1848, Taylor was nominated by the Whigs to run for president with Millard Fillmore as his running mate (he did not learn about his nomination until weeks later). He was challenged by Democrat Lewis Cass. The main campaign issue was whether to ban or allow slavery in territories captured during the Mexican War. Taylor, a dedicated supporter of the Union, did not express an opinion, while Cass supported the idea of allowing residents of each state to decide. Former President Martin Van Buren, leader of the Free Soil abolitionist party, entered the race and took votes from Cass, allowing Taylor to win with 163 of 290 electoral votes. Events and Accomplishments of Taylors Presidency Taylor served as president from March 5, 1849, until July 9, 1850. During his administration, the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty was made between the U.S. and Great Britain. The agreement stated that canals across Central America were to be neutral and outlawed the colonization in Central America. It stood until 1901. Taylor himself was a slave owner and thus, for a period of time, he had significant support from the South. He was, however, dedicated to preserving the Union and believed that the best way to ensure the continuity of the Union was to avoid extending slavery into the territories. He disagreed with Congress over the question of whether California should be admitted to the Union as a free state; his successor Millard Filmore was more sympathetic to the Southern cause. By 1850, Taylor started suggesting he would be willing to take up arms to preserve the Union. The Compromise of 1850 was introduced by Henry Clay; according to History.com, the Compromise traded California’s admission to the Union with the abolition of the slave trade in  Washington, D.C. (supported by abolitionists), and a strong fugitive slave law (supported by southerners) while allowing New Mexico and  Utah  to be established as territories. Taylor was unimpressed by the Compromise and showed signs that he might veto it. Death On a hot day in July, Taylor ate only raw vegetables, cherries, and milk. He contracted gastroenteritis soon after, along with violent cramps. He died on July 8, 1850, at the White House, and Vice President Millard Fillmore was sworn in as president the next day.  Some believed that Taylor might have been assassinated by poison. His body was exhumed in 1991, and testing concluded there were no signs of arsenic present in his remains (though its possible that other poisons could have caused his death). Legacy Zachary Taylor was not known for his education and he had no political background. He was elected solely on his reputation as a war hero. As such, his short time in office was not one full of major accomplishments outside of the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty. However, if Taylor had lived and in fact vetoed the Compromise of 1850, the events of the mid-19th century would have been very different. Sources The Editors of Encyclopaedia Brittanica. â€Å"Zachary Taylor.†Ã‚  Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, 7 Mar. 2019.Editors, History.com. â€Å"Zachary Taylor.†Ã‚  History.com, AE Television Networks, 29 Oct. 2009.â€Å"Zachary Taylor.†Ã‚  The White House, The United States Government.

Case Study The Salad Bar Marketing Essay

Case Study The Salad Bar Marketing Essay The salad bar financial model will be based on the business concept of â€Å"managing for the best, and planning for the worst†. The projections of the first year will anticipate for a sales volume below average, salad cost above average, and seat turn below average. This will help us ensure adequate financial planning to cater for a ramp-up period that is reasonable, success of the business, and ensure that the business is not under-capitalized (McKeever 2008). Our financial plan is based on the assumptions that there will be a slow-growth economy that will be recovering from an economic decline. It also assumes that the business will experience a modest growth in the future. The Salad Bar business intends to increase profit margins per day. The businesses aims at reducing the variable operation cost as well as achieve a double growth rate annually. The Salad Bar marketing strategy will be aimed at developing visibility among the members of the community. This strategy will be achieved through a targeted advertising campaign. There will be advertisements placed in various newsletters. It’s hoped that the advertisements will yield a reasonable amount of product enquiries since they are beleaguered toward the target population that uses Salad Bar products/services (Young 2007). The Salad Bar Marketing Objectives Salad Bar aims at reducing market costs as a sales percentage. The business intends to maintain steady and positive growth every month. In addition, Salad Bar plans to experience new customers increase and consequently have them as long-term customers. Marketing Strategy The Salad Bar marketing strategy will be aimed at developing visibility among the members of the community. This strategy will be achieved through a targeted advertising campaign. There will be advertisements placed in various newsletters. It’s hoped that the advertisements will yield a reasonable amount of product enquiries since they are beleaguered toward the tar get population that uses Salad Bar products/services (Abrams & Kleiner 2003). Target marketing The Salad Bar’s target population includes the middle class clients and the upper-class clients. The middle-class population has minimal disposable income. It recognizes that its expensive to get salad from a salad bar but its prepared to incur expenses though they will attempt to minimize them. On the other hand, the upper-class clients are characterized by high income level and it’s willing to have salad from a bar. This strategy will require a different menu for the two groups since the upper-class salad menu will be cost prohibitive for the middle class population (McKeever 2008). Positioning The Salad Bar will position itself as a high quality, innovative salad business. The members of the society will recognize the high quality and unique service/product offerings of The Salad Bar. The Salad Bar competitive edge will be founded in  its customer inventive and customer approach to members of the society. The Salad Bar customer attention will make it different from other salad bars that have a lot of demand. The disadvantage of having a high demand is that the business experiences a decreased pressure to accommodate extra clients. When The Salad Bar will start having plenty of customers, we will modify our business plan in order to handle them effectively McKeever (2008). The Salad Bar will approach the market as if there is considerable competition between the different product providers. We aim at making customer satisfaction our priority, and through this, local clients will come to be pleased about the attention given to their need and establish long-term relationships with The Salad Bar. The main objective is to position The Salad Bar as the premier Salad business within the area, authorizing a market share majority in four years. The marketing strategy will aim first at creating customer awareness concerning its products, build up a customer base, and focus on building customer referrals and loyalty (Young 2007)

Seminar in criminology Discussion 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Seminar in criminology Discussion 5 - Essay Example For example, defendants have to provide 10% of the amount to the bail bondsman that is requested by the court (Thistlethwaite & Wooldredge, 2013). Some of these bondsmen usually work together with attorneys and recommend them to their clients. Some of the attorneys recommended to clients by the bondsmen are not qualified or as experienced as a client would want. Some suspects are not allowed to make phone calls or write letters to their family. It results to delays in communication with the family members and attorneys and it interferes with the suspect’s ability get the re-trial release. A suspect’s bail gets determined after the court gets the advice from the legal counsel (Thistlethwaite & Wooldredge, 2013). The legal counsel always gives the court advice on previous bail jumping behavior for the suspect. For counsels who advise suspects not to show up to court so that they delay the trial process makes it hard for the suspect to become eligible for future pre-trial releases. On page 128, Thistlethwaite and Wooldredge (2013) assert that research on how the bail is made needs proper documentation and communicated to the defendant, the court and the public to ensure that the bail decisions made are fair. As Thistlethwaite and Wooldredge (2013) note, it ensures that the bail made is more individualized. Thistlethwaite, A., & Wooldredge, J. (2013). â€Å"Part II: Chapter 1: Pre-Conviction dispositions.† In Forty Studies that Changed Criminal Justice: Explorations into the History of Criminal Justice Research (2 ed.). New Jersey: Pearson Higher Ed

Control Mechanisms Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Control Mechanisms Paper - Essay Example Positive reactions accelerate the productivity of organizations. Positive reactions comprise of an increase in motivation among a company’s workforce, an addition in innovation and invention among employees, instill beliefs and values that build the company and an increase in output among others. (Conway, Andrew 42) On the hand, negative reactions are meant to decrease the output of an organization (Scott, John, 1971). The reduction is usually a previous level of productivity that might have been offset and increased to add the productivity of a company. The reduction in output decisions arise when a company’s productivity goes out of hand and becomes difficult to manage. Negative interpretation of a control mechanism by employees may be perceived as lack of independence. Negative control mechanisms that isolate some employees from others may demotivate the employees neglected by the mechanism. For example, a mechanism that separates subordinate staff from the senior staff may demoralize the subordinates and result to low productivity (Scott 21). Negative reactions are contrary to the positive ones as they decrease productivity of a company. Along with a decrease in productivity is a fall in motivation among employees and decrease levels of innovation. Set objectives of a company may als o have to be

Tourism concern Essay Example for Free

Tourism concern Essay Introduction I have been approached by a tourism organisation to assist in researching the current and potential impacts of tourism development in a destination. I chose the Maldives because they have an impressive record of growth, while at the same time rapidly expanding their lodging capacity. There are major factors that have clearly contributed to this phenomenal growth. The remote island nature of the Maldives has been nurtured, even if guests fly in Boeing Triple Sevens and other large aircraft. 1. Tourism in the Maldives. The Maldives consists of a chain of 26 coral atolls straddling the equator south west of Sri Lanka in the Indian Ocean. The country occupies an area of sea measuring 754 kilometres in length and 118 kilometres wide where there are 1192 islands, only a small proportion of which are inhabited, and almost 80% of land is a metre or less in height (Domroes, 2001). Its distinctive geography and tropical climate are valuable tourism resources and the industry has grown rapidly since the 1970s when the first resorts were constructed on two islands. By 2007, there were 89 resort islands with over 17,000 beds and a further 35 islands were available for development (MTCA, 2007a). Tourism grew at a rate of 11. 6 percent between 1972 and 2005; 26. 5 percent between 1972 and 1982; and 6. 7 percent since 1982. These rates are well above regional or global growth rates, as might be expected for a successful emerging market. Total bednights exceeded 5 million for the first time in 2004 and the Maldives has shown steady growth since the late 1980s. The three key original markets were Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom and these continue to be the core of the Maldives travel industry. However, new markets are also emerging regularly. While recent growth has been noted in markets such as Russia, China, Japan, and Australia, Europe still accounts for 80 percent of Maldivian tourism and Asia for 10 percent. Tourists to the Maldives have tended to be couples in recent years. The honeymoon market has been strong, but there are signs that family travel, in spite of the cost, is becoming more frequent. Originally, Maldives was a diving destination and still is, but now many travel simply for the sea and sand and the opportunity to unwind. 2. Impacts of tourism on economy, environment and social-cultural. A goal of developing the tourism industry in a community is maximizing selected positive impacts while minimizing potential negative impacts. First, it is essential to identify the possible impacts. (Cooper C, Fletcher J, 2008) 2. 1 Economic impacts of tourism on the Maldives. Tourism, Maldives largest industry, accounts for 28% of GDP and more than 60% of the Maldives foreign exchange receipts. Over 90% of government tax revenue comes from import duties and tourism-related taxes. Fishing is the second leading sector. (Tourism sector and its potential 2007) Positive impacts Particularly in Maldives tourism increases employment opportunities. Additional jobs, ranging from low-wage entry-level to high-paying professional positions in management and technical fields, generate income and raise standards of living. Maldives has the highest ratio of international tourism receipts to GDP (49. 8 percent) (WTO 2002) Especially in rural areas, the diversification created by tourism helps communities that are possibly dependent on only one industry. As tourism in Maldives grows, additional opportunities are created for investment, development, and infrastructure spending. Tourism in Maldives improved public utilities such as water, sewer, sidewalks, lighting, public restrooms, litter control, and landscaping. Such improvements benefit tourists and residents alike. Likewise, tourism encourages improvements in transport infrastructure resulting in upgraded roads, airports, public transportation, and non-traditional transportation (e. g. , trails). (Kreag G. , 2001) For example tourism help to develop the first two resorts Kurumba and Bandos both on islands in close proximity to Hulhule Airport and Male. (A report on the WTO 2002) Tourism encourages new elements to join the retail mix, increasing opportunities for shopping and adding healthy competitiveness. It often increases a communitys tax revenues. (Kreag G. , 2001) Maldives currently has almost no corporate tax revenues from tourism. Taxation is based on long-term land leases negotiated on a per-bed basis for each individual resort island. In fact, the leases amount to taxes paid in advance. In addition, each tourist pays a bednight tax of $8 and a one-time airport tax (or user charge) of $10. The other major source of taxation is duty on all imports (except for initial construction, which is exempt as an incentive); the impact of the import taxes is estimated at about 30 percent of sales. ( The world bank Maldives, 2009) Tourism in the Maldives largest industry and generates of 30% GDP. Profits from this lucrative sector have the potential to help alleviate poverty and improve living conditions for local people. (A report on the WTO 2002) Negative impacts Maldives have hyperdependency of tourism (93,8%) (Weaver D. , Lawton L 2002), that mean if tourists will stop coming to Maldives their economy will have crisis, because money will stop coming in to the country. When considering the economic impacts of tourism, it is essential to understand that tourism businesses often include a significant number of low-paying jobs, often at minimum wage or less. (Kreag G, 2001) For example tourism employees in the Maldives have won the first hurdle in their struggle for basic working rights including a minimum wage and maximum working hours, after the president agreed that new labour lows should extend to protect workers in the sector. (Tourism concern 2008) These jobs are often seasonal, causing under-employment or unemployment during off-seasons. Labour may be imported, rather than hired locally, especially if particular skills or expertise is required, or if local labour is unavailable. (Kreag G, 2001) Some tourism-related businesses are volatile and high-risk ventures that are unsustainable. Greater demand for goods, services, land, and housing may increase prices that in turn will increase the cost of living. Tourism businesses may claim land that could have higher- value or other uses. Currently, despite the Maldives luxury tourism industry, over half the population suffer abject poverty and live on just over a dollar a day. (Tourism concern 2008). Local people in the Maldives are unable to speak out about these awful conditions. The government continues to impose severe restrictions on freedom of expression. Unfair trial, torture and imprisonment occur all too often. (Tourism concern 2008). 2. 2 Environmental impact of tourism on the Maldives Tourism in the Maldives exists solely due to the physical and geographic features of the coral islands. The beauty of the underwater world at the reefs, clean water in the lagoons, white and pristine sandy beaches, a rich island vegetation and ideal tropical climate which form a virtual paradise that attracts tourists from Europe and Australasia. (A report on the WTO 2002) Pollution The first proper evaluation of tourism in the Maldives was carried out in 1983 after 10 years of tourism development. It was revealed that the pollution of the sea with garbage, piles of waste found in the resorts often close to the tourist: cottages, the picking of corals, the use of spearguns wer, features present that did not fit into the tourists image of the Maldives. Rubbish on beach is the next environmental problem identified by the resort management. Rubbish on beach mainly results from waste dumped at sea irresponsibly by neighboring resorts and inhabited islands that get washed ashore onto islands with the current and to some extent from the messy habits of certain tourists. The resort management is quite emotive on this issue as this is one issue that will reflect very badly on the image of the resort environment. (Safkar. K. , Noronha. L. , 1999) Solid waste disposal One of the most obvious impacts of tourist resort operation and one of the easiest environmental management problems to deal with and thus has been addressed in a number of reports on tourism development in the Maldives. The pollution of the sea with garbage and piles of waste found in the resorts often close to the tourist cottages were identified in 1983 among features that was not aesthetically pleasing.

Jane Eyre Essay -- Literature Writing Jane Eyre Papers

Jane Eyre       Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre can be linked to many fairy-tales. Some of these tales such as Charle’s Perrault’s Bluebeard, Arabian Nights, and many more are actually cited in the text. Others are alluded to through the events that take place in the story. Jane Eyre has often been viewed as a Cinderellatale for example. There is also another story, however, that though not mentioned directly, can definitely be linked to Bronte’s novel. This tale is none other than Beauty and the Beast, which was part of one of Perrault’s compilations. Bronte uses the ideas and themes of Beauty and the Beast to reveal the importance of inner beauty and to make a point that it’s what’s inside a person that counts. The beauty that can be found through outward appearance is superficial. A person’s inner beauty as shown through the relationship of Jane and Rochester can overcome society’s ideas of what constitute being beautiful. We know that Bronte was familiar with Perrault’s works because she explicitly refers to another of Perrault’s tales, Bluebeard when exploring Thornfield’s third story. Also there is another connection to Perrault. Elizabeth Imlay through her study of Jane Eyre and fairy tales unveiled a fascinating connection. She questioned the idea that Jane’s French teacher, Madame Pierrot could in fact be a reference to Perrault himself. Jane talks about a French storybook when attending Lowood. She says, "I examined, too, in thought, the possibility of my ever being able to translate currently a certain little French story--book which Madame Pierrot had that day shown me" (83; ch. 8). Imlay argues that, "The title of the little French story--book promised to Jane by Madame Pierrot is not revealed, although [. . .] Pie... ...auty is on the inside. She did not need to make Jane or Rochester beautiful in the end because that would defeat and contradict her purpose. Bronte uses the motifs in Beauty and the Beast and modifies them to help strengthen her views of the importance of inner beauty over outward appearance. As Jane mentions in the novel, "Most true is it that beauty is in the eye of the gazer" (177; ch.177).       Works Cited Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 1996. Imlay, Elizabeth. Charlotte Bronte: and the Mysteries of Love. New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1989. LePrince de Beaumont, Jeanne-Marie. Beauty and the Beast. Ed. D.L. Ashliman. 6 October 2001. U of Pittsburgh. 1 March 2003 . Schwingen, Mary. "Fantasy, Realism, and Narrative in Jane Eyre and Alice in Wonderland." Victorian Web. May 1994. National U of Singapore. 2 March 2003.

Manifest Destiny American Civil War Essay

Manifest Destiny In the 1840s the United States increased its territory to stretch from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. This land was acquired through treaty, war, and negotiation. The opportunities of this large area of land offered in terms of resources and trade were great. The positive of M.D. do not outweigh the negative consequences. Manifest Destiny is a historic duty, in the 1800’s the Americans believed that the manifest destiny of the United States was to expand to the Pacific Ocean. The United States started as costal colonies but eventually the fulfilled their manifest destiny and expanded buy conquering and purchasing land. The Americans gained more land by buying it from France in the Louisiana Purchase and they also acquired land by cession as they did in the Mexican Cession. Other ways of expanded their land was to take it by force; many settlers killed the Indians and stole their land from them. The Americans in the 1800’s believed that it was the historic duty of th eir nation to expand to the Pacific Ocean. They believed that the land was rightfully theirs. They ignored the fact that the land was already occupied and began to move west. They did not recognize the Indians as people; they saw them as potential slaves, so they simply killed them and took their land. Much of the land was bought from France in the Louisiana Purchase, but other lands such as Texas, California and Oregon was not theirs. Using both military strength and negotiations, the US was determined to fulfill their historic duty. The main difference between the border issues of Oregon and Texas is the way these issues were settled. The Texas issue resulted in a war with Mexico, which gained land and lost soldiers. However, this did allow the US to gain more land than just Texas. The Oregon issue, on the other hand, was more peaceful. The US negotiated and made a treaty with Britain instead of going to war with them. However, both these issues were different ways the US gained l and and expanded their nation.

Labour Markets, Wages and Industrial Relations

Telecommuting is going to change the landscape of labour for years to come. As a matter of fact, the very notion of a job is going to change. A job will be something one takes home to do in the intervals between football matches and household duties, not an activity that reshapes one’s day. Such changes will trigger changes in other aspects of work. Thus, trade union participation and union power will most probably be reduced. A great part of this influence is based in personal interaction. It is much easier to recruit a person to become a member of the union through direct personal contact than through means such as e-mail. Trade union leaders will turn into virtual figures rather than living beings in flesh and blood, and people will feel less affiliated with the union. Besides, as the authors point out, there are reasons to expect an inflow of workers into labour who have never or seldom had employment before, including single mothers or disabled people. Those may feel isolated from the rest of the workforce and have had no experience with unions. As a result, they will be less willing to participate in union activities and bargain with their employer. Besides, more developing nations will be included in the workforce, and it is more difficult to recruit people there in the union as they live in remote places and as well have little experience with unions. However, trade unions will not go away because of telecommuting. There are factors that even call for an increase in their power. For instance, it will become easier to change jobs since it will not involve looking for a job in exactly the same area and workers will probably not have to go to interviews in person. Rather, they may be able to do some kind of audio- or video-interview via Internet. As a result, employees will have more possibility to defend their rights through trade unions as they will not fear loss of job. Communication with trade union leaders will take place through the same interactive means as communication with supervisors – e-mail, telephone, and videoconferencing. Telecommuting will probably to some extent remove the difference between house prices between capital cities and regions. At the moment, housing is pricey in larger cities since there a lot of people willing to move there because higher salary levels. Those people coming from the regions are prepared to pay a premium on house price as compared to the regions because they know the house price will be offset by gains in wages. As a result, they drive demand up even at higher prices. If differences salary levels are reduced, a probable result of telecommuting, more people will prefer to stay in the regions, and housing there will rise in value against capital cities. This does not mean that housing will cost the same throughout the nation. First, not all jobs will be affected by telecommuting. It will take time before the pay for manual jobs such labourers, nurses, etc., will get to about the same level throughout the country. People in those jobs will then still be attracted to larger cities. Second, there are other factors than salary levels that affect housing prices. For instance, in the same city where one can get the same salary living in a nice or unattractive neighbourhood, housing prices will vary from one district to another. The reason for these variations is the difference in infrastructure, ecological atmosphere (as, for example, when the house faces a busy road or something of the kind), and opportunities for entertainment. Surely in larger cities one can have a much more interesting and varied life thanks to the availability of many cultural establishments, and regions will not soon overcome this difference. That is why people may still be attracted to living in the capital even if wages arrive at about the same level. Besides, formerly the attraction of the remote areas was their cheap prices for everything other than housing, such as food, entertainment, services, etc. A rise in wages will probably change that, making prices go up. In conclusion, housing prices will go up in regions as compared to the province as a result of dwindling difference in wages. However, prices in capital or larger cities will still remain higher. Bibliography Sloman, John & Mark Sutcliffe. Economics for Business. Â  

buy custom American Conflicts essay

buy custom American Conflicts essay This paper will explore the American conflicts in the seventeenth century including the various ways through which, different groups came together in conflicts and accommodation. The major groups to colonize and settle in the Americas were the Spanish, Portuguese, British, French and the Russians. There were several ways through which, these groups might have come together. These included trade purposes, religious purposes and forceful settlements, which were initiated by the state of origin (Douglas, 2000, p. 242). Trade Reasons The first Englishmen that settled in America did so for purpose of trade. For instance, during the establishment of the Virginia settlements in 1587 up to 1680, the main source of labor for the already existing immigrant colonies was slaves, who had come to look for new opportunities. Similarly, the chief focus of French colonialists was fur trade with indigenous people. Religious Migration Roman Catholics were among the first groups to migrate to the American continent and settlers of Spanish or Portuguese, who were supposed to be members of catholic. Later, other groups included Anglicans, Scottish Presbyterians among other groups. Forceful Migration During the period just befre the European immigration in to Americas, the Native American tribes used to capture and retain slaves for use in their homes. In the period, about 12 million Africans are believed to have been migrated forcefully to the Americas. Additionally, many poor Europeans were migrated to North America as indentured servants. North East The Conflict This region covered the whole of New England and New France, where there was the French wars and the Iroquois wars. The wars were fought in the North East America, mainly between the Iroquois who wanted to expand their territory of fur trade and the Algonquian who were backed by the French and occupied the Great Lakes region. The wars were very brutal, and the Iroquois won, expanding their territory to include such areas as Erie, Neutral and Huron. Natives in Ohio and Lower Michigan fled their homes and headed west to escape the wars (Douglas, 2000, p. 242). Accommodation France gave up its control of most of its territory. This was spanning an area between New found land to Rocky mountains and from Hudson Bay to the Gulf of Mexico to Britain in the Treaty of Utrecht. The South West (New Mexico/Pueblos) Conflicts The Pueblo people were largely colonized byy the Spanish, with many being forced to work in Spanish farms, as well as in the Chihuahua mines. The servitude alone did not directly lead to the conflict, but other factors like the droughts and famine as well as the European. In addition, the Pueblos were Catholics and were not willing to give up their faith, and this was the source of the Pueblo Revolt (Douglas, 2000, p. 241). In 1692, the local Pueblo communities signed a peace treaty with the Spanish government through the Spanish war leader Diego De Vargas, with a condition that the Pueblo people would quit the revolt and declare Christianity as their only religion. The subsequent years were marked by rebellion by the Pueblo Indians and ruthless suppression by the Spanish, as well as the Pueblo resistance was defeated in the 18th century (Sando, 1992, p.34). Again, the Northeast wars provide clearer examples of accommodation because it involved ceding of entire geographical regions to warring countries. It also involved sale of territories to countries, such as the sale to the U.S. of the Louisiana area by France leader Napoleon Bonaparte. This was done in order to achieve political autonomy and end international control and war between European nations as well as the Americas. In contrast, the Pueblo conflict was just about religious views and the accommodations involved submission by the Pueblo people. Buy custom American Conflicts essay

Nursing shortage and its effects on the provision of health care Term Paper

Nursing shortage and its effects on the provision of health care - Term Paper Example Despite renewed efforts at reform in most European countries, the number of uninsured people continues to grow, the cost of healthcare continues to soar, and the safety and quality of care are queried. The great challenges of the healthcare system need significant attention on the part of health experts, policy makers and the society. One problem that has continued to dog the health care sector over the last five years has been the perennial shortage of registered nurses as well as other health care professionals as a demonstration of the fragility and faults in the health care system. For health care delivery to be efficient, reasonable, and inexpensive, there must be an ample stream of knowledgeable, well spread and employed certified nurses. While the general quality of care seems to have responded progressively to the rising emphasis on evidence-based practice and performing procedures, major inequalities in quality stubbornly persist. The health care system and the nursing profe ssion are once more witnessing a shortage in nurses that is augmented by shortcomings of the system and the ever-rising need for health care, as the baby boomers grow old. The intricate environment of challenges of the health care system requires major attention on the part of health care professionals, policy makers and to a smaller extent the public.In all the health care literature available today, the widely accepted elements of health care reform are the ability to get health care, its quality, cost, and the workforce.

Declarative Knowledge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Declarative Knowledge - Essay Example As Schraw (2001) explains about the individuals who possess a greater quantity of procedural knowledge. He describes them as having the ability to carry out more errands than others. Declarative knowledge refers to the factual information occupied by a person; this type of knowledge can be stated verbally or textually. Declarative knowledge is the most important among the types of knowledge due to the fact that it talks 'about' the thing or process. If a person in unaware of the basic facts about a process or thing he cannot practice it ever. For instance, if you want to measure the weight of a body you must have the knowledge about its measurement tools and units. However, procedural knowledge is the knowledge which tells about carrying out some process. It talks about the 'how' perspective of a process. It tells how to use the formula or a given fact be used in finding something. For e.g. if one knows the formula of speed he cannot use it directly until he knows the process of usin g it. Similarly if one would not know the formula i.e. would not have Declarative knowledge, he would not be able to use procedural knowledge. Declarative knowledge at times does not have meaning and are forgotten by the individuals. But at times it is not necessary that this knowledge is forgotten as this type of knowledge is necessary for the individuals.

To be determe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

To be determe - Essay Example The same thing is happening in the second poem Benevolence where the father is so weak that he can’t even talk properly. In both the poems the poet is speaking about the weaknesses and difficulties that the parents are facing because of their health. In the poems they are describing their weaknesses and their behavior and the way they changed. The poem describes the position of the poet when his mother was dependent on him for everything since she was weak and â€Å"past the point of saying no†. The poet says that this was a good chance for him to help her out and take care of her like she took care of him when he was young. He describes how he prepared a bath for her and made it â€Å"just right† after which he himself lowered her in it and cleaned her with soap and water. The poet uses crude words in describing the experience and explains how his mother’s body was wasted and in a sorry state. At nights when the poet used to be reading or working while his mother slept he often noticed the sharp breaths she took in sleep instead of the smooth breathing characteristic of a normal healthy person. He listened to that sound and the thought that came to his mind was that he was lucky enough that he was now getting a chance to pay back what his mother had done for him in his younger years. He seems to be an egoistic person who cannot take anything from anyone not even his mother. And therefore he thinks that by taking care of his mother at this stage is going to repay all that she did for him previously. He thinks that he can pay his â€Å"heavy debt of punishment and love/ with love and punishment†. Not only does the poet think about the love that his mother gave him, but also the punishments. And he actually sets upon to repay that as well. For instance, when he is lifting out his mother from the bath and before setting her down on the wheelchair

Arts and communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Arts and communication - Essay Example suous because it is here that the definition differs from a simple, nearly involuntary expression of shock or anger and the almost automatic directives of everyday communication. In order to be considered art, the form of expression must be capable of inciting an emotional response in some form of premeditated presentation. While the art itself may be to a large extent spontaneous, the display of it as such would qualify for the required element of premeditation while the encouragement to others of stopping and reflecting upon the emotions this display evokes elicits the sensuous response. Although art can be appreciated for its aesthetic values alone, it can also be put to work for a variety of other reasons, such as advocating a particular political or ideological concept. This is most often accomplished through mass media which is influenced by and influences political and corporate agendas. However, in this more fragmented society, in which socially isolated individuals become mo re susceptible to exterior manipulation, propaganda produced within the mass media has a repressing effect upon the mass population. This, in turn, has a repressing effect upon the art that is being produced as only those art forms that support the dominant conventions gain notice. This single viewpoint shared across all mediums is referred to as hegemony. However, there is another art form that subverts these restrictions. Graffiti, largely identified as an illegal art, has been used by artists as a means of expressing resistance to this hegemonic shift in countries around the world. The definition of graffiti changes depending upon who is providing the definition. Although often referred to as art, its artistic merits are frequently ignored or deemed unimportant, as is exemplified in the definition provided by the Dublin City Council (â€Å"What is Graffiti?†, 2007) in which only one of the five listed characteristics even mentions its artistic qualities: â€Å"Graffiti is

Case Study: Carl Rogers Self Centred Approach

Case Study: Carl Rogers Self Centred Approach Working Intensively with Clients Summary of Issues Identified 40 yrs old Recently separated from 20 year marriage; Two children daughter, 9yrs and son, 14yrs; daughter lives away from both parents, son predominantly resides with Julie Relationship with former partner amicable however re-partnered and has become hostile. Wants to further education/career Financially stable in former relationship, now non-financially secure; no assistance towards children’s’ financial needs. Concerned of impact of relationship breakdown on children; and father’s new relationship; Minimal family support; Isolation like feelings; depressive; difficulty coping and/or accommodating to the current changes in her life. Julie’s Case Study Initial consultation with Julie would enable to build a client-counsellor relationship and to undertake assessment in order to identify issues of her current position for development of agreement between her and me as to goals and tasks by achievement of those goals through treatment. More importantly identifying the source of what made bought her to the services, this being whether she is a voluntary or involuntary client as this can impact on the approach taken to achieve the most successful engagement process with the client as has been identified to the effect that â€Å"engagement for involuntary clients is often a different and more difficult process than engagement with voluntary clients due to the coercion of the legal system or significant others†[1] There are various structural frameworks for successful engagement in counselling a client that could be used however in this paper I am given a general background of Julie and based on that background (generally obtained through initial assessment) have summarised the issues (aforementioned) and believe that the main approach here to be taken, but not limited to is a â€Å"Self-Centred† approach and from which the theories of Carl Rogers will be relied upon. By applying Carl Rogers self-centred approach identification of the three core characteristics of such theory are relied upon, being the following[2]: Empathy (the counsellor trying to understand the client’s point of view) Congruence (the counsellor being a genuine person) Unconditional Positive Regard (â€Å"UPR†) (the counsellor being non-judgmental). Guided by this theory will best approach Julie’s personal situation as the non-directive therapy is likely to be of long term use for Julie. As Julie is showing emotional instability, identifying that there is no immediate threat of harm. In taking an empathetic approach with Julie is likely to make her more positive about opening up and giving her an outlet to speak about what she has sought therapy for. This in turn will allow a good rapport to initiate between myself and Julie. Congruence can assist with negative thoughts that Julie is experiencing regarding her education, skill set and employment possibilities. Furthermore it appears that Julie has experienced forms of demoralization by her former husband. Julie’s family history also requires assessment and ascertaining if she has come to acceptance with the death of her mother and recognition of such impact that this has or has previously caused on her approach in relationships and personal life. Unconditional Positive Regard fits with Julie’s present circumstances when analysing the now hostile relationship that has formed between her and her former husband. This will be by benefit in that she can attend to venting her frustration and allowing her to help disregard the thrust of the anger, frustration, and volatile nature of conflict with her former husband. Based on the evidence at hand to provide high quality of care relevant to Julie would involve direct and in-depth identification of her needs and being responsive to such will help assist the structure, application and result of therapy. Given her depression a high level of empathetic language and attendance in respectfulness is required. In achieving an even higher level of care ethical and holistic approaches are to be factored in also. In assisting treatment with Julie engagement with other specialised agencies would be of benefit in that they can provide more thorough assistance in the underlying issues for treatment progression. In respect of Julie’s emotional state I would highly recommend seeking assessment and ongoing treatment with her local general practitioner. This will assist in thorough diagnosis of her current mental health and, if as indicated, Julie is suffering depression from the impact of changes in her life, then this will allow for medical intervention in the form of prescribed medication to be used in the interim treatment. Julie has also been affected by a marital breakdown and is now facing a hostile relationship between her former partner and herself. Given the length of the relationship involving marriage, obtainment of assets and liabilities and children from the former relationship, in particular her son who is a minor aged 14 years, it would be of necessity to Julie to seek legal intervention to ascertain her legal rights and come bring the monetary and parental responsibility that exists to finality. Although at first recommendation would be to seek advice only and in this regard I would recommend her contacting a community legal centre in her area to obtain such relevant information. If in fact, further intervention were necessary from the outset of the advice received, arrangements could then be sought to facilitate engagement by way of mediation between herself and her former partner and in this regard advice to contact such services providing relationship mediation like Relationships Australia, Interrelate, CatholicCare, Anglicare or any other alike service details would be provided to Julie. With connecting Julie with one of the pre-mentioned services it will allow her to access more than just mediation given that the services are community family based, they can also offer Julie with information and provide further services for her concerns raised in relation to her children, in particular Damien. Julie expresses the desire for career development in accounting though lacks self-confidence believing that she is not able to as her employment and education has been limited. Julie has in effect been limited by non-completion of her higher education, parental responsibilities and her former partner insisting that she take on the role of full-time caregiver to the children however Julie has managed to maintain some part-time employment in a customer service role. Approach to be taken in assisting her goal, alongside therapy for improvement of self-confidence, and medical intervention by her local general practitioner, would be providing details or arranging an appointment for her to attend upon a career guidance counsellor. This would give her the networking tools to assess the possibilities and educational resources that can be offered to her and by seeking assistance from a professional in this area will provide her with further resources for educational and employment opportunities. Such services that would be provided to Julie, and their corresponding details would be training and/or educational institutions like TAFE, university enabling programs, WEA and other relevant local community institutions. Connecting Julie with employment agencies providing details to Julie of employment agencies that can assist in accountancy roles or facilitation of education such as Randstad or Hudson to assist in these aspects. Successful therapy would involving guiding Julie to be able to transition from her current circumstances and gain effective tools to recognise, process and deal with situations that arise assisting also in alleviating any future conditions that she may be susceptible to. This can be done by application of a recognised framework such that initial structure can be established, development of rapport between Julie and I; identification of the problems that exist; exploration of herself together with her perceptions and behaviours; the possible assessments and acquisition of environmental input such as assimilation, problem solving and decision making; creation of plan of action; continual follow up with Julie and the possibilities of development with additional strategies prior to termination. H’elena Gorton Student # 377 160 649 [1] (Cingolani, 1984; Behroozi, 1992; De Jong Berg, 2001). [2] http://www.counsellingtutor.com/counselling-approaches/person-centred-approach-to-counselling/

Poes Fall of The House of Usher Essay: A Psychological Piece

The Fall of the House of Usher as a Psychological Piece This essay examines "The Fall of the House of Usher" from the viewpoint that none of the events really happened -- or if they did, were exaggerated by the fear felt by the characters.   The essay proposes that the action took place in the mind of the narrator and discusses the dream imagery present in the story and how this supports this theory.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   While discussing "The Fall of the House of Usher," Thompson investigates the idea that the story is not really a truthful tale - that is, a re-telling of events that the narrator experienced - but is rather the result of a "mutual hysteria of the narrator and Roderick Usher."   Basically, he asserts that the narrator and Usher are both so filled with fear that they imagined the events, or else there is a logical explanation for the things that happened while the narrator stayed at the House of Usher.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Thompson's first point reminds us that the narrator of this story attempts to rationalize many of the spooky things that he witnesses at the house.   This is in contrast to the fact that Usher's mind is obviously disintegrating throughout the tale.   Thompson claims that Poe uses the "apparent" rationality of the narrator to "heighten the irrational."   By instilling in the reader a sense of coherence, the weirdness of the situation and the mental state of Usher are more noticeable.   Also, Thompson mentions that an integral part of the tale is the "mechanism of fear itself," which begins with Usher and spreads to the narrator.   This feeling of fear, he claims, is what gives us the basis for reading this story as a psychological thriller rather than a series of events that actually happened.   Thompson looks at p... ...ndriac," which might be how people of that time period referred to mental illness. Many people seemed to believe that Usher really suffered from mental illness rather than a physical ailment. And lastly, the possibility of incest between brother and sister, and other generations of Ushers, was discussed. This stemmed from the part of the story that talked about how the Usher family tree did not branch out much. Some people took this to mean that not many people were brought in from outside the family. I think this is very plausible, and is actually what I always thought was at the core of this story. I think that the two siblings are more than just brother and sister, and found this to be one of the more interesting discussions we had.    Works Cited Thompson, G.R. "Explained Gothic," Poe's Fiction.   University of Wisconsin Press, 1973.   Pages 87-97.   

McDonald’s vs Burger King: Which is Healthier Essay

McDonald’s vs. Burger King: Which Menu Is Healthier? September 15, 2013 COM 155 The United States has the largest fast food industry in the world, and American fast food restaurants are in over 100 countries. That alone tells you that millions of consumers partake in fast food. By definition, fast food is food that can be prepared and served very quickly. A typical fast food meal in the United States includes a hamburger, French fries, and a soft drink. Out of all of the fast food restaurants in the United States, there are two companies that comes to mind that are the biggest chains in the country. Those two fast food chains are Burger King and McDonald’s. These two companies own more than half of the fast food market in the U.S. With that said, in the past couple of years there has been concern over the obesity rate in the United States. People believe that fast food is a factor because of how easy it is to get it and the price range of it. Because of the perceptions of fast food, every one is looking to the biggest fast food chains to set the example and make their menus healthier. McDonald’s and Burger King are the two fast food chains trying to convert their menu to provide healthier foods, each in their own way. Before looking at the menus of both fast food chains, one has to understand the history. What made them who they are today? How was it created? When did it go public? The first restaurant is McDonald’s. In 1937, Patrick McDonald opened â€Å"The Airdome†, which was a food stand in Monrovia, California. Hamburgers were ten cents and all you can drink. In 1940, his two sons, Maurice and Richard, brought the food stand from their father and moved the entire operation 40 miles and changed the name to â€Å"McDonald’s Bar-B-Q† and served 25 barbecued items on their menu. In October 1948, the brothers realized that most of their profits came from selling hamburgers so they closed down the establishment. On December 12, 1948, the restaurant’s name was once again changed to â€Å"McDonald’s† and went to a menu of hamburgers, cheeseburgers, French fries, shakes, soft drinks, and apple pie. After 5 years of growing popularity and success the bro thers decided to start  franchising the restaurant. One year later, Ray Kroc, who sold Multi-mixer milkshakes machines, learned that one of the McDonald’s restaurants were using eight of his machines and he decided to take a look for himself. After meeting with the McDonald brothers, Kroc thought that they could franchise the restaurants throughout the country. The brothers did not think the same way so Kroc decided to take it upon himself to do so. By 1959, Kroc had 102 successful restaurants in the United States and by 1961 Kroc brought the business rights from the McDonald brothers for about three million dollars. Like McDonald’s, Burger King also has a long and rich history. It was founded in 1953 in Jacksonville, Florida as Insta-Burger King. Inspired by the McDonald brother’s original store location in San Bernardino, California, the founders and owners, Keith J. Kramer and his wife’s uncle Matthew Burns, began searching for a concept to open a new restaurant around. After purchasing the rights to two pieces of equipment called â€Å"Insta† machines, the two opened their first stores around a cooking device known as the Insta-Broiler. The Insta-Broiler over proved to be so successful at cooking burgers; they required all of their franchises to carry the device. With their new success in the way they cooked burgers, the company had rapidly expanded throughout the state of Florida until its operations totaled more than 40 locations in 1955. By 1961, Insta-Burger King ran into financial difficulties and the pair of McLamore and Edgarton purchased the national rights to the chain. It was rechristened as Burger King of Miami. The company would eventually become the Burger King Corporation and began selling territorial franchise licenses to private owners across the United States by 1961. As I stated in the beginning of my essay, I wanted to compare the two menus between Burger King and McDonald’s. Even though both restaurants are into selling hamburgers, how they are cooked and presented separate these two companies tremendously. For McDonald’s, they have added other items to their menu since the original restaurants opened back in 1948. They added a breakfast menu back in 1972 in which they sold certain breakfast sandwiches such as the McMuffin, which came in certain amounts of variations. There are also types of biscuits and breakfast burritos. Additional breakfast items include hotcakes, several breakfast platters with eggs, hash browns, and meats or breads. As you know, for lunch, McDonald’s serves many sandwich options such as the Quarter Pounder, the McDouble, which is the double cheeseburger, and chicken sandwiches, which they call a McChicken. The trademark sandwich for McDonald’s is called a Big Mac. It was introduced nationwide in 1968. It consists of two 100 percent beef patties, American cheese, â€Å"special sauce†, which is based off a Thousand Island dressing, iceberg lettuce, pickles, onions, and served in a three-part sesame seed bun. Other items on the menu consist of Chicken McNuggets, Chicken Selects, which is the McDonald’s version of chicken strips, Filet-O-Fish, and a McRib, the McDonald’s Rib Sandwich. Burger King’s menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts. In 1978, the company introduced the first iteration of its breakfast menu. The breakfast menu remained almost identical to the McDonald’s offerings until 1983 when Burger King introduced its Croissan’Wich, which comes in many variations like the McDonald’s counterpart, McMuffin sandwich. For the lunch menu, there is little difference between the Burger King and McDonald’s Menu. The counterpart of McDonald’s Chicken McNuggets is called the BK Chicken Tenders, which made its debut in 1985. For Burger King, they have two trademark sandwiches. The first one is the counterpart of the McChicken, which Burger King calls the BK Original Chicken Sandwich. It made its debut in 1978. The other sandwich is called the Whopper. Introduced in 1957, it is one of the best known sandwiches in the fast food industry. The Whopper consists of a flame grilled quarter-pound beef patty, sesame seed bun, mayonnaise, lettuce, tomato, pickles, ketchup, and sliced onion. Now we get to the meat of the conversation. Both companies have been trying to add healthier choices to their menu for years now. For example, McDonald’s had to battle its public image as a purveyor of fatty, unhealthy food. Consumers began filling lawsuits contending that years of eating at  McDonald’s had made them overweight. So in 2003, McDonald’s introduced a low calorie menu of low-calorie items and they also switched to more healthful cooking oil for the French fries. Burger king is no different to the criticism of their food. Since the 1980s, several parties, including the Center for Science in the Public Interest, the British Heart Foundation and the City of New York argued that Burger King has contributed to obesity and unhealthy eating behaviors in Western nations by producing products that contain large amounts of salt, fat, trans-fat, and calories. With that said, it is common knowledge that neither McDonald’s nor Burger King is the healthiest option if you are trying to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Let’s examine at the major items that both of these fast food chains provide and see which one is healthier. Starting with the French fries, a medium order from Burger King will make the customer consume 400 calories, 20 grams of fat, 43 grams of carbohydrates and 5 grams of protein. The same amount for McDonald’s will provide 20 calories, 7 grams of fat, 19 grams of carbohydrates, and 3 grams of protein less than Burger King’s French fries. So apparently McDonald’s wins in French Fries, for cheeseburgers, McDonald’s are not only lower in calories versus Burger King at 300 to 360, but also in fat and carbohydrates as well. They are also significantly higher in protein. Now for the main event, the Big Mac versus the Whopper, both of these burgers are the most popular menu item for both of these respected fast food chains. Which one is healthier? The Big Mac contains 540 calories, 29 grams of fat, 45 grams of carbohydrates and 25 grams of protein. The Whopper, on the other hand, contains 670 calories, 39 grams of fat, 51 grams of carbohydrates, and 27 grams of protein. So in other words, the Big Mac is Healthier. After looking at the other items that Burger King and McDonald’s provides head to head, Burger King has the edge in terms of its chicken products. Now the big question is who has the healthiest menu? To be honest, it depends on the menu item you choose to buy from either one of these food chains. If you want a good burger that will not do that much damage to your diet then McDonald’s is the way to go. If you are looking to eat a Chicken Sandwich, it looks like the Burger King should change their name. In conclusion, when asking the question of which fast food chain is healthier it is safe to say that there is no clear-cut answer. Even through McDonald’s, when looking at the nutritional stats of each item compared to Burger King, wins in the Burger section. We as consumers have to realize that â€Å"fast food† is not healthy in the first place. These two fast food chains have rich and interesting histories that contributed to how and what they sell to their customers. Each menu has been tweaked in order to fulfill the needs of the consumer over the years. Every consumer prefer to have their own method of buying items, so the best advice I can give is to do your own research beforehand. It is also important to show that you should limit the amount of fast food you eat on a regular basis in order to maintain a healthy lifestyle.

Black People and Roberta Essay

Determining the race of Twyla and Roberta from the clouded descriptions in Recitatif is a rather difficult task. The evidence in my opinion leads me to believe that Roberta is white and that Twyla is black. In this paper I will identify situations in this story that reinforce my opinion. I will also explain how minority group treatment influenced my perception of the events in this story. My early impression of Roberta was that of a spoiled country girl with little or no education that opinion was based on her inability to read and her waste of food at meal times. Finishing all your food is a strong force in many black families this waste can be construed as a connection to Roberta being white. The first verbal indication is Roberta’s mother’s refusal to greet Twyla’s mother Mary. This is a strong image of prejudice in my opinion. Roberta’s mother said nothing. She just grabbed Roberta and stepped out of line. Roberta’s mother’s disinterest in meeting a woman of the opposite race makes a convincing argument that she is white and in her mind better than associating with blacks. In the next scene the families were eating Lunch. Twyla made the observation that â€Å"The wrong food is always with the wrong people. † And the connection that â€Å"Maybe that’s why I got into waitress work later-to match up the right people with the right food. † There is a common stereotype that black people love chicken. So the white Roberta having the â€Å"black† chicken could be considered a Mitch match and since Roberta is white she should not have the chicken. The next piece of evidence comes much later when the two old friends are reunited in a supermarket. They have exchanged pleasantries and discussed how well there lives are going. It is obvious to the reader that Roberta is well off financially. Roberta makes the comment â€Å"I was dying to know what happened to her, how she got from Jimi Hendrix to Annandale, a neighborhood full of doctors and IBM executives. Easy, I thought. Everything is so easy for them. They think they own the world. † This statement shows that Twyla is aware of how easy it is for white people to raise their economic class. It can be implied that Roberta made the large advance because she was of the proper â€Å"white† race to make such advancement. The final piece of evidence is When Twyla confronts Roberta on her poor behavior at their encounter in Howard Johnson’s Roberta says â€Å"Oh, Twyla, you know how it was in those days: black-white. You know how everything was. † Roberta here identifies the strong pressure she felt from her peers to not associate with the â€Å"lower† black race. My first indication of Twyla’s race was the way her mother Mary introduced herself. She used the phrase â€Å"Twyyyyyla, baby! † the term â€Å"baby† is commonly associated with older black females. Mary’s reaction to Roberta’s mother’s refusal to shake hands coupled with the loud outbursts on the way to the chapel are also part of what society has deemed as black female behavior. Mary is described wearing â€Å"those ugly green slacks that made her behind stick out† There is a stereotype that black women have large behinds. These examples leads me believe Roberta’s mother is black and so the daughter must be of the same race. Throughout the story Roberta is always depicted in a lower class than Roberta always overshadowed by Roberta. Roberta marries into a higher social standing and has an implied superiority throughout the story. The statement â€Å"Everything is so easy for them. They think they own the world. † Is a common opinion about the social standing of whites in the United States. There are a lot of conflicting data to for both sides of this argument. In my opinion though there is much more evidence that leads the reader to believe that Roberta is white and Twyla is black.

buy custom The Battle of New Orleans essay

buy custom The Battle of New Orleans essay The battle of New Orleans took place on 8th January 1815. The battle was the greatest final battle of the war of 1812(Howell 1886). In this battle, the United States side won against the British. This battle is the greatest American land victory of a war. This paper will discuss the circumstances that led to this battle, its proceeding and how it finally ended. The war started in 1812; and still continued in 1814. The parties to war were the Great Britain and the U.S. At this point the British decides to take the Americans from a three-front. The first part of the British attack involved attacking the main cities along the Atlantic Ocean coast. They were Baltimore, Maryland; Savannah, Georgia; Washington, Washington D.C; and South Carolina. August, 1814 the British soldiers attacked Washington, DC setting main buildings of the U.S government on fire and were immensely successful because the American military soldiers expected the attack to be in Baltimore hence not defending Washington well. The American forces successfully defended Baltimore from the British September 1814 attack. The second part of the British plan was to come into New York State; by crossing Lake Champlain from Canada with the aim of isolating New England states. This plan failed because the Americans successfully drove off the British forces back to Canada on the 31st August 1814. The last plan was to overpower the port city of New Orleans, Louisiana with the aim to stop commerce in the southern states and territories west of the River Mississippi and by December, 1814 the British flotilla was set to progress on New Orleans (Remini 1999). The U.S reserves were nearly penniless; the president needed additional troops for the war. Men were not registering in the military; the war was taking a toll on the US. Preident Madison needed an army of sixty thousand soldiers but only had half the number. American General Andrew Jackson also called Old Hickory arrived in New Orleans on December 1, 1814 and identified strategic locations that needed to be defended and set about strengthening defenses. He recruited the Louisiana militia, African Americans, Creoles, French and Spanish heritage local frontiersmen, local Choctaw Indians and accepted help of pirates under the command of Jean Laffit. On December 12, the British fleet, with their leader, Sir Alex Cochrane accompanied by a number exceeding eight thousand soldiers and several sailors aboard surged forward. They sailed further in the Gulf of Mexico; they approached Lake Borgne and Lake Pontchartrain. Other leaders that accompanied Sir Alex on this side were; Sir Edward Pake nham, John Lambert and John Keane. On the opposing side, the Americans prevented the access to these lakes, under the leadership of Andrew Jackson, John Coffee, William Carroll and Jean Lafitte. December 14 Royal marines under Captain Nicholas Lockayer and over 1000 British sailors attacked Catesby force, capturing Catesbys vessels in an engagement called Battle of Lake Borgne.6 Americans died, 35 wounded and 86 captured while 77 British sailors wounded and 17 killed. December 23,2500 volunteers from Vennesse also called dirty shirts by the British arrived. The Americans gained psychological victory over the British by a surprise attack in the night ordered by Old Hickory. The Americans then began to construct artillery batteries to protect their earth works, they installed eight batteries (32-pound guns, three 12-pounders, one 18-pounder, three 24-pounders, one 6 inch howitzer). Men went to man 24-pounders and two 12-pounders west bank of the Mississippi from the grounded warship Louisiana by Jackson (Remini 1999). Bothh parties were ready for war on Christmas day 1814, but the first attack was on January 1, 1815 when the British fired cannons on the American defenses. They exchanged fire; after three hours of battle, the British retreated. The Americans earthworks damaged during this attack where many guns destroyed including a 24-pounder, a12 pounder and the 32-pounder. On 8th January 1815, the British troops were on the battle ground and commanding general Pakenham ordered two attacks on the American defenses. The main attack was directly against the earthworks manned by the majority of American troops. They launched in two columns along the swamp line led by Major General Samuel Gibbs and along the river led by Kaene. When the attacks began it was dark, and there was heavy fog. Thomas Mullins had forgotten the ladders and fascines to be used for crossing the canal and to scale the Americans earthworks causing confusion for the British in the dark. This caused many of them to be killed including Colonel Rennie who was leading the detachment of light companies of the 43rd, 93rd and 7th left of the river and General Gibbs who was leading the main attack column on the right comprising the 21st, 5th,4th, and the 44th West India Regiments. It was evident that the British was losing the war, having lost 291, 2,042 casualties, 1267 wounded while 484 were either captured or missing (Smith 2010). The Americans had only 13 dead, 71 casualties, 39 wounded while 19 were missing. This prompted the British General Lambert to order the withdrawal of his army. This marked the victory for the Americans. Later, a messenger came from Europe with a message that the American and British representatives signed a peace agreement in Belgium on 24th December 1814. However, this mess age delayed since there was no quick means of communication. This marked the end of the New Orleans war. Buy custom The Battle of New Orleans essay